There are many different material types of PCB boards, in addition to ordinary plates such as FR4, there are also many special plates. The following lists five special material PCB.
1. Teflon
This material is non-toxic and tasteless, wide temperature range that can be used(-200℃ to 260℃); It has excellent corrosion resistance(except for some fluorides and alkaline metal liquids); Teflon is a flame retardant material with good flame retardacy. There are also non-stick and sliding properties. Teflon is widely used in national defense, aerospace, electrical and electronic, petrochemical, medical, high-frequency communication equipment, radar and other fields.
2. Ceramic Substrate
Classified according to material type, Ceramic substrate can be divided into aluminum oxide (Al2O3), beryllium oxide (BeO), aluminum nitride (AlN) and silicon nitride (Si3N4).
The characteristics of the ceramic plate are as follows: strong mechanical stress and stable shape; high thermal conductivity; excellent heat resistance; remarkable thermal cycle performance; corrosion resistance; no hygroscopicity; excellent heat dissipation performance, etc. Ceramic plates are usually used in automotive electronics, aerospace and military electronic components, intelligent power components, solar panel components, telecommunication receiving systems, lasers and other industrial electronic fields.
3. Copper Substrate
A special plate composed of special ceramic powder and epoxy resin polymer. Classified according to surface treatment process, it can be divided into anti-oxidation copper substrate, immersion gold copper substrate, silver-plated copper substrate, tin-sprayed copper substrate, etc. Copper substrate with good viscoelasticity, thermal aging resistance, high thermal conductivity, good magnetic permeability, suitable for drilling, cutting and other machining. However, this kind of material has high density, high value, and is easy to oxidize, so there are certain limitations in the application field. Commonly used in the manufacture of high-power circuits such as power electronics and automotive electronics.
4. Aluminum Substrate
Aluminum substrate is a metal-based copper clad laminate, it has excellent thermal conductivity, Insulation and machinability, heat dissipation, electromagnetic shielding and high pressure resistance. Aluminum substrate is the most widely used metal PCB substrate, can be used in a range of audio equipment such as power amplifiers, switching regulators and other power supply equipment, drives and other office automation equipment, power module, igniters and other automotive equipment, etc. Most common in LED lighting equipment and electronic heat dissipation equipment.
5. Iron Substrate
Iron substrates include single-sided iron substrates and double-sided iron substrates, the thickness is between 1mm and 6mm. With excellent electrical properties, magnetic conductivity, pressure resistance, substrate strength is high. Compared with other metal substrates, the production process of iron substrate is more complex and difficult to process, higher production costs, the scrap rate is also relatively high. So it's usually used in higher-end products, such as automotive electronics, Brushless DC Motor and intelligent drives, etc.